In the process of adding a parking air conditioning battery to a vehicle, it is crucial to ensure its compatibility with the original power system. If the compatibility is poor, it will not only affect the normal operation of the parking air conditioning battery, but may also damage the original power system of the vehicle and even threaten driving safety.
Voltage matching is the basis of compatibility design. The original power system of the vehicle usually has different voltage specifications such as 12V and 24V, and the rated voltage of the parking air conditioning battery must be adapted to the vehicle. For example, ordinary passenger cars mostly use a 12V power system. If a 24V parking air conditioning battery is connected, the vehicle's electronic components will be damaged due to overvoltage; conversely, a low-voltage battery connected to a high-voltage system will not work properly. At the same time, voltage fluctuations should be considered and a voltage stabilization device should be designed. Under conditions such as vehicle startup and acceleration, the voltage of the original power system will fluctuate. By installing voltage stabilizers, DC-DC converters and other equipment, the output voltage of the parking air conditioning battery can be stabilized in a suitable range to avoid affecting the performance and life of the equipment due to voltage instability.
The original power supply system of the vehicle undertakes multiple functions such as engine starting, lighting, and operation of electronic equipment. After connecting to the parking air conditioning battery, the current load needs to be reasonably controlled. It is necessary to accurately calculate the current demand when the parking air conditioner is running, and design a current distribution plan in combination with the power consumption of the original equipment of the vehicle. For example, an intelligent current distributor is used to dynamically adjust the current output according to the priority and real-time power demand of different devices. At the same time, it is very important to set up an overload protection mechanism. When the total current exceeds the carrying capacity of the power supply system and the line, it automatically cuts off the power supply of some non-critical equipment or limits the power of the parking air conditioner to prevent line overheating, fuse blowing and other faults from occurring, and ensure the safe and stable operation of the power supply system.
Modern vehicle power supply systems mostly use bus communication technologies, such as CAN bus and LIN bus, to realize data interaction between various components. The parking air conditioning battery management system (BMS) needs to be compatible with the original communication protocol of the vehicle to ensure that data can be accurately received and sent. For example, the BMS should be able to feedback the battery's power, voltage, temperature and other status information to the vehicle control system so that the vehicle can perform energy management; at the same time, it also needs to receive control commands issued by the vehicle, such as charging start and stop, power adjustment, etc. In the design of the protocol, it is necessary to follow the communication standards of the vehicle manufacturer to ensure the accuracy, stability and real-time nature of data transmission, and avoid power system failure or abnormal function due to poor communication.
Good grounding design is the key to ensuring the stable operation of the power system. The grounding method of the parking air conditioning battery must match the original grounding system of the vehicle to ensure that the grounding resistance meets the requirements and prevent problems such as static electricity accumulation and electrical interference caused by poor grounding. In addition, electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) design cannot be ignored. The parking air conditioning battery will generate electromagnetic radiation during the charging and discharging process, and there are many electronic devices inside the vehicle, which are susceptible to electromagnetic interference. Therefore, shielding, filtering and other technologies should be used to suppress the electromagnetic interference generated by the battery system, while improving its own anti-interference ability, to ensure that the original electronic equipment of the vehicle and the parking air conditioning battery system do not affect each other and work normally.
The charging management of the parking air conditioning battery needs to work in coordination with the original charging system of the vehicle. On the one hand, it is necessary to design a suitable charging strategy to automatically adjust the charging current and voltage according to the remaining power, temperature and other parameters of the battery to avoid overcharging and over-discharging and extend the battery life. On the other hand, the power switching logic needs to be clarified. When the vehicle starts, the switching from the parking air conditioning battery to the original power system of the vehicle should be reasonably controlled to ensure a smooth startup process without affecting the normal operation of the vehicle. In the parking state, the parking air conditioning battery is used first for power supply. When the battery power is insufficient, it automatically switches to the original power system of the vehicle or an external charging device for charging to ensure the continuous operation of the parking air conditioner.
To ensure the reliability of the compatibility design, a complete safety protection and fault diagnosis mechanism must be established. In terms of safety protection, in addition to overload protection, overvoltage protection, undervoltage protection, short circuit protection and other functions must be set. When an abnormal situation occurs, the power supply is quickly cut off to prevent accidents. At the same time, a fault diagnosis system is designed to monitor the operating status of the parking air conditioning battery and the original power system of the vehicle in real time, and timely feedback fault information through indicator lights, display screens or vehicle diagnostic interfaces. Maintenance personnel can quickly locate the fault point according to the fault code, perform repairs and elimination, and improve the reliability and maintainability of the system.
The last link of compatibility design is system integration and test verification. After completing the design and installation of each component, the parking air conditioning battery system needs to be integrated with the vehicle's original power system to ensure that each component is correctly connected and functions properly. This is followed by comprehensive testing, including static testing, dynamic testing, and environmental testing. Static testing checks whether the system's electrical parameters and communication functions are normal; dynamic testing simulates different operating conditions such as vehicle driving and parking to verify the system's compatibility and stability in actual operation; environmental testing tests the system's adaptability in extreme environments such as high temperature, low temperature, and humidity. Through rigorous testing and verification, compatibility issues are discovered and resolved in a timely manner to ensure that the parking air conditioning battery is perfectly integrated with the vehicle's original power system, providing users with a safe and reliable experience.
